@article { author = {Pavlopoulou, Lila}, title = {Inscriptions and Iconography from Coins of the Macedonian Kings at Dion}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {12-21}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60356}, abstract = {This paper introduces and discusses for the first time a selection of 309 important coins from Dion, the sacred city of the ancient Macedonian Kingdom. These coins provide us with important evidence for the entire period of Macedonian rule, dating from Alexander I (498-454 BCE) to the final ruler Perseus (179-168 BCE).  Although the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki has been conducting ongoing excavations in Dion since 1973, this paper constitutes the first opportunity for these coins to be discussed, placing them in historical and archaeological context. We discuss both the inscriptions and the iconography of these coins and what this new evidence reveals of the nature of Macedonian rule in all, as well as the weighting system and the variety of metals used in their manufacture. All were excavated from within the extra muros area of Dion, a large religious center containing numerous sanctuaries, theaters and a stadium, suggesting that a proportion of these were likely votive offerings.}, keywords = {النقوش,الرسوم,الأيقونية,عملات,المقدونيين,ديون}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60356.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60356_ab782fb24cb9396e06894c6b5c2d2352.pdf} } @article { author = {Yağiz, Oya}, title = {Les Monnaies du Roi Thrace Mostis}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {22-27}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60361}, abstract = {Le nom du roi thrace Mostis n’est pas mentionné par les sources antiques. Quelques et inscriptions funéraires pieces monéraires qui offrent une variété digne d’un souverain gouvernant un état puissant sont les seuls témoins du règne de ce roi. Dans cet article, on essaiera d’éclaircir par, l’intermédiaire des monnaies de ce roi, une période importante de l’histoire de la Thrace.}, keywords = {نقود,موستيس,تراقيا,القرن الثاني قبل الميلاد}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60361.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60361_d2ffa69d12b6dbe4fdc43a714f29a342.pdf} } @article { author = {Petrányi, Gyula}, title = {Cow-calf type Greek-Illyrian drachms from Apollonia and Dyrrhachium: Chronological questions}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {28-32}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60365}, abstract = {Apollonia and Dyrrhachium produced a long series of similar silver drachms around 3.3 g; with cow and calf on the obverse and a double stellate pattern on the reverse.  According to the tentative chronology based on the ‘compact model’ hypothesis (yearly new emissions in an uninterrupted series) the drachms were minted during the Roman protectorate of these towns; and the Second Civil War in 49/48 BCE terminated this Production. Dyrrhachium stated minting in or earlier than 208 BCE; while most probably all Apolloniate drachms were struck after the Third Illyrian War (168 BCE). The majority of the late coins are found in numerous hoards in the north-east Balkan area. They were exported there to replace the role of the Roman republican denarii which were not produced in sufficient quantities 70–50 BCE.}, keywords = {دراخمات,البقرة,العجل,الليريا الإغريقية,أبولونيا,ديرهاشيوم}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60365.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60365_0b2bf622b31d8f98f093be8374afe648.pdf} } @article { author = {Maravelia, Amanda–Alice}, title = {Coins in the World and the World (= Cosmos) in Coins: A Cosmographic Approach}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {33-49}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60368}, abstract = {The world of coins is a very interesting virtual universe. Coins have been used in the past three Millennia for purposes related to financial transactions. However, many of them are small works of art that imply a different—more cultural and sometimes also cultic—sig­ni­fi­cance. By their representations and motifs they were used for political, religious and fi­nan­cial reasons. Still, the motifs, and pictures on some of them have a mere cosmovisional ap­proach and present us with the ancient imago mundi of their creators. We examine a few coins belonging to the Collection of the Numismatic Muse­um in A­thens, that bear certain cos­mographic motifs and symbols (stars, constellations, zo­dia­cal asterisms, planets, and the li­ke). We are examining and discussing the semantics of these very cos­movisional represen­ta­tions, that make of the related coins small virtual worlds in­side our Universe, the Cosmos …}, keywords = {عملات,المنهج الکوني}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60368.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60368_7a689269fa42357a41e28606ea3f7673.pdf} } @article { author = {A. Laryea, Korklu}, title = {An Appreciation of Iconography in the Cedi Currency}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {50-65}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60373}, abstract = {Money, like stamps, is considered ephemeral material by librarians because it does not yield to the conventional methods of classification and cataloguing. We all use money for various transactions. Modern money, in the form of currency notes and coins, is inevitably used for various transactions. Almost every currency has a kind of symbol on it. Symbols have primary information embedded in them, information that is often neglected. It has been said that ‘money talks’ and it certainly does because it opens doors, unties knots and creates and seizes opportunities in different situations. This paper recognizes the truth in the saying that ‘money talks’ but in the light of what information can be unearthed when the icons are interrogated. Three notes of Ghana’s currency, the cedi are put under the spotlight here.}, keywords = {الرسوم الأيقونية,عملة غانا}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60373.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60373_bd13d8db68768b6872e73209a2e8de93.pdf} } @article { author = {Penna, Vasso}, title = {Ancient Greek Coins on Greek Banknotes}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {66-77}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60400}, abstract = {Out of circulation for centuries, ancient Greek coins have reappeared as decorative elements on modern Greek banknotes from the mid-19th century until 2002, when the Drachma was replaced by the Euro. In this paper, the symbolism of the depiction of ancient Greek coins on modern banknotes will be examined. The coins of gold, silver, bronze or billon became colored images “charged” with the value and potency of the past. Representations of a distant yet living past, the ancient Greek coins demonstrate their powerful influence, display the Greek mythical and historic times, and decipher the sentiments that shaped modern Greece.}, keywords = {العملات الإغريقية,العملات الورقية اليونانية}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60400.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60400_9c47ed01dc1a14440a993ac1647b33be.pdf} } @article { author = {Mansour, Atef}, title = {Rare Dirham in the Name of the Mamluk Sultan Al-Mansūr Muhammad Minted in Mawsil (763 AH)}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {78-83}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60404}, abstract = {}, keywords = {درهم نادر,السلطان المملوکي,المنصور صلاح الدين محمد,الموصل,سنة ٧٦٣هـ}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60404.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60404_d3d5d611a9fe24711721bda6fb97fe29.pdf} } @article { author = {Mustafa Yaghi, Ghazwan}, title = {Copper Coins minted in Damascus in the First and Second Centuries Hijri}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {84-109}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60405}, abstract = {Fulus is the plural of Fils, a Greek Latin name and maybe an indirect derivation from Aramaean or Hebrew. However, it reached the Arabs from Byzantine and derived the Aramaic spelling word follis which means coins made of copper or bronze. After the Islamic conquest the Arabs used Fulus in their commerce and kept the original foreign coin. The weight of the fils was 30 grams during Emperor Constans I in 491-581 CE and it was inscribed with the letter M on the reverse of the coin, the weight of this coin decreased gradually untill it reached 6 grams during the Islamic conquest. When the Arab Muslims conquested Bilad al-Sham they noticed the importance of these coins, so they minted it similar to the Byzantine coins in Tabariya, Qinnisrin, Aleppo, Homs, Damascus, Palestine. By its inscriptions and graphics the copper coins mirror the political, economic and administrative changes that Damascus specifically and the Islamic State in general underwent. We can divide the copper fils into three main types, each one representing a historical period and different types with similar general shape and graphics. The first part includes the Byzantine Arabic fils during the conquest of Damascus in 14 AH/636 CE that means during the reign of Caliph ‘Omar bin al-Khattab until the beginning of the monetary reform Arabization by the Umayyad Caliph ‘Abd al-Malik bin Marwan in 73 AH/692 CE. This type consists of two kinds, each divided into several subtypes: the first kind shows a picture of the Emperor sitting on his chair. The second kind shows the Emperor standing in 20 different variations. Each variation depends on the language of the inscription, either Greek Latin, Greek Latin Arabic or Greek Arabic. The second part holds the inscription of ‘Abd al-Malik bin Marwan and that began during the beginning of the Arabization phase 73-77 AH/692-696 CE, in this year the Arabization was completed during the reign of ‘Abd al-Malik bin Marwan. The third part consists of the Islamic/Arabic coins that were minted during the Arabization phase 77 AH until the end of the 2nd century AH. After that copper coins still exist until modern times. In this research we study the copper coins attempting to clear all its types or kinds by describing and analyzing its contents and differences.}, keywords = {النقود النحاسية,دمشق,القرنين الأول والثاني الهجريين}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60405.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60405_b06b142182910b88aea9529098c27976.pdf} } @article { author = {L. Bacharach, Jere}, title = {The Inscriptions on 'Abd al-Malik's All-epigraphic Coinage}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {110-115}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60406}, abstract = {  Abd al-Malik’s introduction of all-epigraphic dinars in 77 and dirhams in 78 represents a major turning point in the history of Islamic numismatics.   The use of only inscriptional information is the culmination of a trend that had begun earlier.  The mostly remarkable innovation was the use of Qur’anic ayah for the first time on coinage by a Muslim ruler.  The specific choices of which verse were chosen reflects Abd al-Malik’s political and military goal of engaging Byzantium and emphasizing the differences between Muslim and Christian beliefs in God.  Once included on the coinage, the ayah continued to appear on regular Muslim dinars and dirhams, including one verse that was still found inscribed on gold coins over 800 years later, although the original reasons for the inclusion of these specific verse were long forgotten.  }, keywords = {النقوش,العملات الکتابية,عبد مالک}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60406.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60406_9b3422ad646e1a8a44f302851d85180b.pdf} } @article { author = {Kumrular, Özlem}, title = {False Coinage in the Sixteenth Century Ottoman Empire}, journal = {أبجديات}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, pages = {116-121}, year = {2010}, publisher = {مكتبة الإسكندرية، مركز دراسات الخطوط، قطاع البحث الأكاديمي}, issn = {1687-8280}, eissn = {2213-8609}, doi = {10.21608/abgad.2010.60407}, abstract = {     This paper aims to analyze the nature of the false coin makers who worked within the Ottoman Empire with the help of the registers of outgoing decrees of Imperial Diwan (Mühimme Defterleri) during the second half of the sixteenth century, in this case mainly the reigns of Suleiman the Magnificent and Selim II. The large net of false coinage in the Empire was skillfully chased and punished by the authorities. The analysis of the documents relating to the false coinage also sheds light on the nature and social aspects of such crimes.}, keywords = {العملات المزيفة,الدولة العثمانية,القرن السادس عشر}, url = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60407.html}, eprint = {https://abgad.journals.ekb.eg/article_60407_e7791ae9a8ebd7fb639f7971a12e9cf7.pdf} }